The hierarchy of vessels is based on what criteria?

The hierarchy of vessels in maritime navigation is primarily based on maneuverability. This concept is fundamental in the COLREGs, as it establishes which vessel has the right of way in various situations encountered at sea. A vessel that is less maneuverable, such as a large cargo ship, is afforded priority over smaller or more agile vessels, like recreational boats or fishing vessels. This consideration is critical when determining how vessels should interact and avoid collisions, particularly in crowded waterways.

While the other criteria—size, speed, and type of cargo—can play roles in vessel operation and navigation, they do not fundamentally establish the right of way in the same way maneuverability does. Size may influence the vessel's ability to respond under different conditions, but it does not necessarily dictate its operational priority. Similarly, speed can impact the dynamics of a situation but does not define which vessel must yield to another. The type of cargo may affect the stability and handling of a vessel, yet it is not a recognized factor in the rules regarding right of way. Hence, maneuverability stands out as the primary criterion in creating the hierarchy among vessels.